Outdoors is where smart home hardware is tested honestly. Rain, frost, direct sun and 60 metres of distance between a sensor and the nearest mains socket will find every weakness in a product that behaved perfectly on a kitchen table.
Here we cover watering that responds to soil and forecast rather than a timer, protecting pipes and plants from frost, and the radio and power realities of putting devices at the end of a garden.
A timer waters during a downpour and during a drought at the same rate. It also, in most gardens, waters too often and too shallowly.
Most gardens are over-lit and badly lit at the same time. Restraint, warm colour and shielded fittings do more than wattage.
The sensor at the end of the plot is almost never a faulty device. It is a radio problem, and radio behaves differently outdoors.
A well-sited cheap station beats an expensive one on a sunny wall. The test for every reading is whether it feeds a decision.
A lawn cut a little every day looks better than one cut hard every fortnight. The failure modes and the safety questions are both predictable.
A hot tub is often the largest electricity consumer a household adds without noticing. It also carries the most serious safety obligations in the garden.
Conditions under glass change within an hour and the consequences show within days. Ventilation is the automation that does the most work.
Coverage is decided by geometry, not gadgets, and a weatherproof rating means little once a cable gland has been fitted badly.
Most outdoor false alarms share three causes: sensor type, detection zone shape, and things that move without being a person.